Japan

Perhaps the reason why so far nobody has been too concerned about the radiation levels in and around Tokyo, some 140  miles southwest of Fukushima, be that everyone is looking for radiation in all the wrong places? As the following very disturbing video demonstrates, a quick trip down the street with your personal Geiger counter indicates, the radiation gradient between the air and the ground is orders of magnitude. It is unclear if the ground is such a more generous source of radiation due to radioactive rains seeping into the ground, due to irradiated water in the subsoil, or for some other reason. What is pretty certain, is that unless Japanese citizens have learned to fly and avoid the ground altogether, by walking each and every day, they absorb substantial abnormal amounts of radiation. How soon before we transition from videos of earless mutant bunnies to those of something far more tragic?

In a double whammy of bad news from the mainstream media blackouted Fukushima (or perhaps the general population just doesn't care any more) today we learn that not only did The Nuclear and Industrial Safety Agency (NISA) double its estimate of the radiation leak in the early days of the Fukushima catastrophe, something we had predicted would happen eventually courtesy of the secretive Japanese government, but that Plutonium from Fukushima has now been found in the town of Okuma, over 1 mile away from the stricken Nuclear Power Plant.

Duh ...

This is not good. From the RT clip: "A nuclear rabbit has sparked online panic in Japan. Amateur footage shows an earless mutant rabbit, and the person who made the video claims it was shot just outside the exclusion zone near Japan's crippled Fukushima plant. The clip has given rise to fears the radiation threat in the area is far worse than previously thought. The funny bunny has caused an online frenzy, with predictions that babies in Japan may soon be born with mutations."

Following years of inactivity it has now become cool to be the first rating agency to pull the trigger on another insolvent sovereign. After yesterday's downgrade of Greece by Moody's to Caa1, today Dagong decided to one up its American counterparts and downgrade the country with the 250% debt/GDP: Japan. From Xinhua: "Chinese ratings provider Dagong Global Credit Rating Co. Ltd., on Thursday cut its rating for Japan's local and foreign currency sovereign credit by one level to A+ and AA- respectively. The rating agency said the downgrade took into consideration Japan's political situation, economy, fiscal revenue and expenditure, as well as debt revenue. Expecting a mild recovery of the Japanese economy and no significant deterioration of Japan's sovereign debt financing within the next 12 months, Dagong put the country's credit outlook as "stable."" As Richard Koo noted yesterday, the probability that the Japnese economic situation will deteriorate absent stimulus is very high. Unfortunately, the problem is that since there is little to no spare money available "out there" the ability to kick the can down the road with another Keynesian band aid is severly limited. Expect to see many more downgrades of Japan, and not just Dagong, before the year is over. 

Richard Koo is back with his latest piece titled, not surprisingly, that "Fiscal Consolidation is Not the Answer" - alas, a decimated by (previously secret) debt European continent, and even America, is rapidly starting to disagree with this assessment, which stems from the faulty assumption that the economic "balance" achieved after 30 years of endless balance sheet expansion courtesy of ever declining interest rates is sustainable. Hint: it isn't. And until the world realizes that it is precisely this Fiscal Consolidation that is the answer, we will continue seeing bankers sell bits and pieces of Greece to each other, transfer payments in the US from the government ending up straight in Wall Street pockets, and broadly the Big getting Ever Bigger to Fail. Yet for those who still believe (Krugman) that one last hit is all it takes and after that it will be better, here is Koo's summary, on why Japan, which we continue to believe is the key macroeconomic variable over the near term, may be in very deep trouble unless it commences yet another (what number is that, #20, #50, is anyone even keeping score?) round of fiscal or monetary stimulus: "Fortunately for the Kan administration, Japanese institutional investors have been dealing with this surplus of private savings on a daily basis for more than 15 years and understand its macroeconomic implications. It is only because of their calm and calculated response to these conditions that the yield on 10-year JGBs remains at 1.2%. To prevent this natural disaster from becoming a man-made calamity (ie a recession), the government needs to push ahead with reconstruction efforts. With private savings surging, the necessary funds can be borrowed for now. Later, once businesses and households start looking to the future, funding can and should be shifted to tax hikes and budget reshuffles." That is the conventional wisdom. For all those who wish to read what will happen if and when Japan continues on this unsustainable path of converting private savings into public funding without regard for demographics, please read Dylan Grice (here, here and here).

The euro climbed to a three-week high versus the dollar on speculation Germany and other European nations may pledge more funds to bankrupt Greece and favourable German economic data. This is more a reflection of dollar weakness rather than any great confidence in the euro. The euro at €1,068/oz remains under pressure versus gold and is less than 2% from record nominal highs at €1,088/oz. While the focus, has of late, been on the increasingly ‘unsingle’ single currency, news overnight shows how there are also substantial risks posed to the yen. Moody’s have warned that they may have to downgrade Japan and have warned of a “tipping point” which may lead to a government funding crisis for heavily indebted Japan. The United Nations warned on Wednesday of a possible crisis of confidence in, and even a "collapse" of, the U.S. dollar if its value against other currencies continued to decline. The UN’s mid-year review of the world economy did not get covered widely. The UN economic division said that a crisis of confidence in the dollar, stemming from the falling value of foreign dollar holdings, would imperil the global financial system. This trend, it said, had recently been driven in part by interest rate differentials between the U.S. and other major economies (see table above) and growing concern about the sustainability of the U.S. public debt, half of which is held by foreigners including the Chinese government.

Moody's Investors Service has today placed the Government of Japan's Aa2 local and foreign currency bond ratings on review for possible downgrade. The review has been prompted by heightened concern that faltering economic growth prospects and a weak policy response would make more challenging the government's ability to fashion and achieve a credible deficit reduction target. Without an effective strategy, government debt will rise inexorably from a level which already is well above that of other advanced economies. Although a JGB funding crisis is unlikely in the near- to medium-term, pressures could build up over the longer term, and which should be taken into account in the rating, even at this high end of the scale. Moreover, at some point in the future, a tipping point could be reached, and at which the market would price in a risk premium to government debt.

A month ago, we reported that the Japanese public pension fund, which holds JPY152 trillion in total reserves, would for the first time withdraw 6.4 trillion yen in order to cover pension payouts, a process which once started, eventually ends up with the "Illinois" conclusion where it has to issue bonds to pay accrued pension obligations. The reason why the Japanese pension fund is particularly important for japan is that not only does it have implications for the welfare system of the land of the rising sun, any future dispositions will explicitly affect the supply and demand of JGBs, of which pension funds have traditionally been a major buyer. Not only that, but as Dylan Grice reminded us some time ago, a liquidation process would also impair US Treasury holdings: " As Japan's retirees age and run
down their wealth, Japan's policymakers will be forced to sell assets,
including US Treasuries currently worth $750bn, or Y70 trillion "eight
months" worth of domestic financing." Today, another SocGen analyst, Takuji Okubo, presents a realistic outlook of what will happen when one takes government projections to the pension system and applies realistic assumptions. In a nutshell, instead of a build up of JPY100 trillion over the next 15 years, pension reserves will likely decline by JPY36 trillion, a swing of almost 140 trillion, or nearly $2 trillion in incremental and very marginal JGB and treasury demand actually becoming supply. And in a world in which the Fed is suddenly (allegedly) pulling out as the biggest source of sovereign paper demand, this swing factor out of Japan will have substantial implications for the bond market, especially when coupled with a Japanese economy that suddenly finds itself on the rocks.

Already some of those who said that the Japanese disaster would lead to a surge in global GDP (since disproven) are trying to validate that 3rd worst 2 months drop in the Philly Fed in history (43.4 in march, 3.9 in May) can be attributed to, you guessed it, Japan. Sorry. You can't. Goldman explains why: "We have no information on how much of the drop in the Philly survey over the past two months could have been related to supply chain issues associated with the Japanese earthquake, but this is not a region with an especially high concentration of vehicle manufacturing." So while other Fed districts that do have a substantial manufacturing exposure will likely collapse even more, but at least have a validation for their drop, the Philly Fed is indicative of nothing more or less than wholesale economic contraction, absent the "one-time" impact from Japan.

When we discussed yesterday's miss in April Industrial Production, and noted the plunge in the vehicle assembly rate, we merely said what anyone with half a brain would have seen as glaringly obvious ever since the Japan earthquake in March. "The immediate impact: the drop in the industrial production already
seen, but the bulk of it due to delayed aftereffects, will likely impact
the May number, as the follow through from the Japanese supply chain
halt starts ringing a loud alarm bell across Wall Street. Of course,
this is another thing that all those calling for a 4% H2 GDP could have
absolutely not foreseen (and in fact it was originally supposed to be
positive for the economy, eh Deutsche Bank?). Expect to see drastic
downward cuts to May Industrial Production and next, to Q2 GDP." Fast forward to today when we read in Reuters precisely what was predicted less than 24 hours ago: "here are fears auto production, which added 1.4
percentage points to growth in U.S. gross domestic product in the first
three months of the year, may now be a drag." And irony of ironies: "Some financial
institutions, including Deutsche Bank, are already trimming their second
quarter GDP estimates." But, but, wasn't it Deutsche Bank's very own Joe LaVorgna who first said that the disaster would actually be beneficial for world GDP, and subsequently that the world is "overreacting." Guess not: "Before Tuesday's industrial production data, Deutsche Bank had been expecting economic growth to accelerate to a 3.7 percent annual pace during this quarter after a sluggish 1.8 percent rate in the January-March period. "We lowered it by half-a-percentage point to 3.2 percent. We are going for a more conservative narrowing because other manufacturing activity is still expanding despite the supply disruptions in the auto sector."  And there you have that very dirty NC 17 three word phrase: "Wall Street Strategist."

Following the report of the leaked HP memo which indicated much more weakness in the current quarter than expected, the firm was forced to scramble and released earning early, with the full number coming out at 7:30 EDT. And neither the market, nor John Paulson who recently bought a $1 billion stake in the company, is happy with the disclosure. While the company beats on current quarter top line and EPS, ($31.63 billion vs $31.55 billion exp. revenue, $1.24 EPS vs $1.21 EPS expectation), it was all about the outlook. The firm said it is "revising full year GAAP diluted earnings per share outlook down to at least $4.27 and non-GAAP diluted earnings per share outlook down to at least $5.00." This is a problem as previously it had seen the full year EPS range at $5.25-$5.28, and the outlook was $5.24. It also said that for Q3 "HP estimates revenue of approximately $31.1 billion to $31.3 billion, GAAP diluted EPS of approximately $0.90, and non-GAAP diluted EPS of approximately $1.08." For the full year HP now expects revenue in the range of $129 billion to $130 billion. Previously this was $130-$131.5 billion. And for all those scratching their heads how long before the Japan get out of jail free card is used, here it is: "HP’s revised outlook for the third quarter and the full year fiscal 2011 reflects an expected near-term impact from the Japan earthquake and related events, continued softness in sales of consumer PCs, and reduced operating profit expectations for Services. "

In a free market, we wouldn't have unsafe nuclear reactors ...

In the Department of "You Can't Make This %$!* Up" ...

You just can't make this up: proving that Japan can outdo even the Russians when it comes to nuclear crisis "response", Dow Jones reports that the latest scheme to come out of TEPCO is to cover Fukushima with a giant tent. It is unclear if it will have a circus coloration yet. From DJ: "Giant polyester covers will soon be placed around the damaged reactor buildings at Japan's Fukushima nuclear complex to help contain the release of radioactive substances into the atmosphere, the plant operator said Friday. Tokyo Electric Power Co. (TEPCO) will install the first cover at the No. 1 reactor, the focus of recent stabilization efforts, starting next month." This probably means that Japan looked long and hard at the concrete shell option and realized it was impossible, which is true. The problem is that by now the melted cores are not in the complex, but deep beneath it and the radioactivity is actively seeping directly into the soil. And since the polyester tent idea is doomed to failure, it is only a matter of time before the Simpsons dome is firmly in place over a ragion with a radius of about 20 kilometers. Impossible you say? Just wait.