An Untested Type of Fluoride Is Used in the Overwhelming Majority of U.S. Water Supplies

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Dartmouth University wrote in 2001:

In
a recent article in the journal NeuroToxicology, a research team led
by Roger D. Masters, Dartmouth College Research Professor and Nelson A.
Rockefeller Professor of Government Emeritus, reports evidence that
public drinking water treated with sodium silicofluoride or fluosilicic
acid, known as silicofluorides (SiFs), is linked to higher uptake of
lead in children.

Sodium fluoride, first added to public drinking water in 1945, is now used in less than 10%
of fluoridation systems nationwide, according to the Center for
Disease Control's (CDC) 1992 Fluoridation Census. Instead, SiF's are
now used to treat drinking water delivered to 140 million people. While
sodium fluoride was tested on animals and approved for human
consumption, the same cannot be said for SiFs.

Masters and
his collaborator Myron J. Coplan, a consulting chemical engineer,
formerly Vice President of Albany International Corporation, led the
team that has now studied the blood lead levels in over 400,000
children in three different samples. In each case, they found a
significant link between SiF-treated water and elevated blood lead
levels.

"We should stop using silicofluorides in our public water supply until we know what they do," said Masters. Officials
at the Environmental Protection Agency have told Masters and Coplan
that the EPA has no information on health effects of chronic ingestion
of SiF-treated water.

***

Also requiring further
examination is German research that shows SiFs inhibit cholinesterase,
an enzyme that plays an important role in regulating neurotransmitters.

"If
SiFs are cholinesterase inhibitors, this means that SiFs have effects
like the chemical agents linked to Gulf War Syndrome, chronic fatigue
syndrome and other puzzling conditions that plague millions of
Americans," said Masters. "We need a better understanding of how SiFs
behave chemically and physiologically."

Here is Masters' scientific paper on SiFs (also called "fluosilicic acid" and "fluorosilicic acid").

The Sierra Club notes:

If fluoride is added to municipal water supplies, sodium fluoride rather
than flourosilicate compounds should be used because the latter has a
greater risk of being contaminated with such heavy metals as lead and
arsenic.

Where does this compound come from?

As ABC News' medical and scientific journalist, Nicholas Regush, writes

Fluoride
is a by-product of aluminum and fertilizer manufacturing and contains
heavy metals such as lead, arsenic and chromium. Fluoride is not a
high-purity pharmaceutical, to put it conservatively.

The U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, National Toxicology Program, reported in 2001:

Sodium
hexafluorosilicate is produced by treating fluorosilicic acid with
sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, or sodium chloride; alkalinity is
adjusted to avoid the release of the fluoride.
Fluorosilicic acid is mainly produced as a byproduct of the manufacture
of phosphate fertilizers where phosphate rock is treated with sulfuric
acid.

***

The major use of sodium hexafluorosilicate and fluorosilicic acid is as fluoridation agents for drinking water.

According to the U.S. Geological Survey:

An estimated 40,000 tons of fluorosilicic acid (equivalent to about 70,000 tons of 92% fluorspar) was recovered from phosphoric acid plants processing phosphate rock. Fluorosilicic acid was used primarily in water fluoridation, either directly or after processing into sodium silicofluoride.

The USGS also noted in a 2000 report:

Fluorosilicic acid is a byproduct of the phosphate fertilizer industry and is not manufactured for itself alone ...

In
other words, even though neither the EPA or any other government agency
has studied the effects of long-term ingestion of fluorosilicic acid,
it is being used instead of sodium fluoride because it is cheaper.

As
Edward Urbansky from the EPA's Office of Research and Development,
National Risk management Research Laboratory, Water Supply and Water
Resources Division wrote in 2002:

The
most common fluoridating agents used by American waterworks are sodium
fluoride (NaF), hexafluorosilicic acid (H2SiF6), and sodium
hexafluorosilicate
(Na2SiF6) as shown in Figure 1.14 Although 25% of
the utilities reported using NaF, this corresponds to only 9.2% of the
U.S. population drinking fluoride-supplemented tap water. ... The cost savings in using fluorosilicates result in large systems using those additives instead.

***

In
the United States, the primary sources of fluoridating agents are rocky
mineral deposits containing mixtures of fluorite and apatite; the
fluoridating agent itself is produced as a byproduct of phosphate fertilizer manufacture.

***

The
EPA is aware of papers positing links between fluoridation agents and
lead in the bloodstream or challenging the accepted chemistry. To truly
investigate such hypotheses, better chemical knowledge of the speciation
is required.

And see this testimony to Congress by PhD chemist William Hirzy, who - at the time of the hearing - was Vice-President of the union representing EPA toxicologists, biologists, chemists, engineer and lawyers:

And see this

.

Comments

[Sean7k]

They have modified it to include poisoning. This requires medical treatments for all kinds of ailments that consume the wealth you've accumulated. 

[Sean7k]

You mean ingesting fertilizer by-products isn't healthy for me? Testing? that's for organic growers- not chemical manufacturers. Most chemicals are never tested for human interaction. 

We are poisoned on a daily basis, thinking the government approves everything after extensive testing. Wrong. 

Eugenics is what the government has been committing since the 1920's. Hitler learned it here, the US is the harbinger of death for most of the world- I understand their fear, if you will kill your own people indiscriminately, what would stop you from killing everyone? Nothing.

[ewmayer]

Since the fluoride generally comes from "mineral deposits containing mixtures of fluorite and apatite", maybe what we need here is a good "apatite suppressant"?

[Fish Gone Bad]

Different states use different methods of keeping the drinking water clean.  There was a concern over using chlorine, so chloramine was used.  The problem with chlorine was it chlorinated some organic compounds and there was a fear of causing cancer, so chloramine was used.  Chlorine kept the lead in the old pipes, and chloramine does not, so the lead levels have gone sky high in certain cities.  I am not afraid of fluorine.  I am afraid of lead.