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103 Years Later, Wall Street Turned Out Just As One Man Predicted

Tyler Durden's picture




 

In 1910, three years before the US Federal Reserve was founded, Senator Nelson Aldrich, Frank Vanderlip of National City (Citibank), Henry Davison of Morgan Bank, and Paul Warburg of the Kuhn, Loeb Investment House met secretly at Jekyll Island in Georgia to formulate a plan for a US central bank just years ahead of World War I.

The result of their work was the so-called Aldrich Plan which called for a system of fifteen regional central banks, i.e., National Reserve Associations, whose actions would be coordinated by a national board of commercial bankers. The Reserve Association would make emergency loans to member banks, and would create money to provide an elastic currency that could be exchanged equally for demand deposits, and would act as a fiscal agent for the federal government.

In other words, the Aldrich Plan proposed a "central bank" that would be openly and directly controlled by Wall Street commercial banks on whose behalf it would solely operate, instead of doing so indirectly, behind closed doors and the need for criminal probe of Yellen's Fed seeking to find who leaked what to whom.

The Aldrich Plan was defeated in the House in 1912 but its outline became the model for the bill that eventually was adopted as the Federal Reserve Act of 1913 whose passage not only unleashed the Fed as we know it now, but the entire shape of modern finance.

In 1912, one person who warned against the passage of the Aldrich Plan, was Alfred Owen Crozier: a man who saw how it would all play out, and even wrote a book titled "U.S. Money vs Corporation Currency" (costing 25 cents) explaining and predicting everything that would ultimately happen, even adding some 30 illustrations for those readers who were visual learners. 

The book, which is attached at the end of this post, is a must read, but even those pressed for time are urged to skim the following illustrations all of which were created in 1912, and all of which predicted just what the current financial system would look like.

Or, in the words of Overstock's CEO Patrick Byrne, "that's uncanny"

From "U.S. Money vs Corporation Currency" (which can and should be read for free on Google), here are the selected illustrations:

 

None of this was rocket science: should the power to create money fall into the hands of a private few, or an entity working purely on their behalf (and lest there is any confusion, a multi-trillion bailout of the US financial system and the ongoing ZIRP/QE regime has benefited almost entirely that handful of people who stood to lose trillions in paper wealth should US banking as we know it end), it would "inaugurate a financial and industrial reign of terror." It was clear as day 103 years ago.

 

Fast forward 103 years when who should end up with that power? A group of central banking career academics, currently in the midst of a criminal probe what and how much information they leaked to a select group of private Wall Street interests and commercial bankers.

Why? Simple.

 

The country now knows: "Democracy" forgot.

* * *

Full book below (link for free ebook):

 

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Sun, 06/07/2015 - 19:18 | 6172695 Milestones
Milestones's picture

THE FEDERAL RESERVE BANK WAS VOID SINCE ITS INCEPTION IN 1913. ARTICLE 1 SECTION 8 (5) CONGRESS SHALL HAVE POWER TO COIN MONEY AND REGULATE THE VALUE THEREOF--.

PANAMA REFININGING CO. V RYAN 293 U.S. 388 1935--"THE CONGRESS  MANIFESTILY IS NOT PERMITTED TO ABDICATE OR TO TRANSFER TO OTHERS THE ESSENTIAL LEGISLATIVE FUNCTIONS WITH WHICH IT IS THUS VESTED."

MARYBURY V MADISON 17 WALL 205 CRANCH 2  1803. "--THAT A LAW REPUGNANT TO THE CONSTITUTION IS V O I D; AND  THE COURTS AS WELL AS OTHER DEPARTMENTS ARE BOUND BY THAT INSTRUMENT"

PRESIDENT WILLSON DID NOT HAVE THE AUTHORITY TO SIGN SUCH A LAW.

I intend to file a complete paper on this issue as well as "Corporations are people in the near future.  

Both of these items are a complete FRAUD.             Milestones

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 23:33 | 6173196 Radical Marijuana
Radical Marijuana's picture

Yeah, d'uh.

Anybody who does enough research eventually recognizes that the whole system is based upon backing up lies with violence, which became integrated systems of legalized lies, backed by legalized violence. HOWEVER, one of the significant "Milestones" that one passes on that journey is to face the facts that those systems are quite able to continue to deliberately ignore rational evidence and logical arguments, as long as they continue to be able to back up lies with violence.

Milestones, your points are theoretically valid, and could be demonstrated to be so. However, what is still a millstone around our necks is that the established systems of ENFORCED FRAUDS continue to be ENFORCED, despite that they are FRAUDS.

I presume that you are not going to think harder and deeper about the nature of THAT problem­. The double-bind paradoxial Catch 22 is that nothing else could change the established systems based upon organized crime, other than better organized crime ...

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 02:15 | 6173395 TeethVillage88s
TeethVillage88s's picture

Eustace Mullins 1991:

-

"Today, that secrecy has cost the American people a three trillion dollar debt, with annual interest payments to these bankers amounting to some three hundred billion dollars per year, sums which stagger the imagination, and which in themselves are ultimately unpayable."

Hindsight is 20/20 when looking at the the Iraqi War, 9-11, PNAC Letter, Repeal of Glass-Steagul Act, Sub-pirme Bubble, and 2008-2014 Financial Bailouts, TARP, QE, ZIRP/LIRP.

Mullins in 1991 only saw the beginning of the Debt Trap which is now $18 Trillion, but accompanied by Brainwashing of Politics, Control of the Press, and the Ruin of the US Education System to support the Lies and Secrecy.

Yes, Crime, Anti-Trust, and Racketeering.

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 11:55 | 6174468 Milestones
Milestones's picture

Yeah, R.M. I have thought look on this issue as did Tomas Jefferson. "That to secure these rights, governments are instituted amoung men, deriving their just powere from the consent of governed; that whenever any form of government becomes destructive of these ends, it is the right of the people to alter or abolish it and to institute a new government laying its foundation of such principals and organizing its powers in such form as they seem most likely to effect their safety and happiness."

And so, has happened since all recorded history we the people are going to have to go back to square one and either " change or alter that government " or a losing war when it will be forced upon us. 

There will be no clean solution to what we now face. Onle force is going to make that change.

JFK, in 1962 I  believe floated a trial balloon by having the Treasury print up $5 dollar bills that had a red seal on its face. A year later he was executed by these money bastards ( my opinion ) These people make Al capone look like a choir boy.          Milestones            

 

 

Tue, 06/09/2015 - 13:33 | 6179307 Radical Marijuana
Radical Marijuana's picture

Milestones, I now see that you have a quite realistic view of the nature of the problems:

"There will be no clean solution to what we now face."

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 23:49 | 6173228 cherry picker
cherry picker's picture

Milestones you are correct.

However unless the DOJ is reminded of their duty as well as POTUS and Congress and they are forced to abide by oaths, the game will continue until it blows up in their faces and after the dust settles, what foundation will be left?

I don't think 100 people sitting in a room would unaminously vote for a Constitution or Bill of Rights the way it was written back then.

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 11:52 | 6174448 SERReal1
SERReal1's picture

Anymore I think the as soon as any elected .gov official swears an oath, all that happens is the suitcases full of money line up to proxy for position. They should change the oath to "Do you promise to rob, rape, and pilage the American People to further yourself?" If they swore to that oath, then they might be telling the truth!

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 12:05 | 6174518 Milestones
Milestones's picture

Cherryy P. There is suposed to be a Constitutional Convention in 2016. I read that the 34 states hve signed on board. I really don't have and more than that. 

Anybody got any info. on this??      Milestones

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 19:24 | 6172698 Niall Of The Ni...
Niall Of The Nine Hostages's picture

If anything, Crozier had no idea how great a travesty the Money Trust would really make of republican government.

I don't know how a time-traveller would explain to Crozier that the Trust had:

appointed a mulatto, the bastard of an African savage who had sinned with a white woman, to the office of president,

decreed, against the will of the people, that sodomites could marry each other and women murder their children before birth;

further decreed that the only faith whose free practice would be guaranteed was the Mohammedan;

not only invited free immigration from the ends of the earth, making it impossible for an American to find honest employment, but decreed that deference and honor be paid to their savage ways whenever possible, with mockery and scorn reserved for the American nation and the Protestant faith;

or, in short, made the American workingman a pauper and pariah in his own nation, brought lower than the lowest untouchable in India, who, indeed, had far better prospects of employment in the Money Trust's dominion than he.

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 19:56 | 6172786 Billy the Poet
Billy the Poet's picture

Yeah, Goldman Sachs is all about the Muslims.

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 19:20 | 6172699 THE 4th Quadrant
THE 4th Quadrant's picture

Why are joos always trying to be so slick and slippery?

Why not just get a fucking job and contribute? No, I'm top dog chosenite. "I stole an idea that'll make me billions".

Is this why they identify so closely with the USSA negro?

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 19:58 | 6172789 Billy the Poet
Billy the Poet's picture

And don't forget people with freckles. They're icky!

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 20:04 | 6172798 daveO
daveO's picture

They share a lot of genes. Look at the globe. Their homeland is next door to Africa. Also, they were located at the crossroads of intercontinental trade. The original middlemen.  

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 22:24 | 6173066 conscious being
conscious being's picture

Wrong daveO. Their homeland is in the Caucus Mountains. A place formerly known as Khazaria where the Jews known tiday as Ashkanazi converted en mass. Biblical Jews are Semetic. Today they are refered to as Sephardic Jews. Most Jews and all leading Zionist are Ashkanazi. They look down on and descriminate against the Sephardic. Most of the decendants of the Biblical Jews converted to Islam and today we call them Palestinians. There was no "Exodus". The Romans kept captured populations in place to farm them.

See anything by Israeli professor Shlomo Sand. For example - The Invention of the Jewish People — by Shlomo Sand

Another point. Jews are not a monolithic people. So it is wrong to say "Jews this, Jews that ... " when discussing the difficult corner humanity has now been backed into. Much better to stay focused on Zionism which is an Askanazi creation and from where all the issues over over-reach reside.

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 19:30 | 6172730 Monty Burns
Monty Burns's picture

"and who should end up with that power? A group of central banking career academics...."

 Yes, with names like Bernanke, Yellen, Fischer, Greenspan, Paulson etc.  Come on Tyler, don't be so coy.

 

The Federal Reserve Bank is made up of nine banks with the Rothschilds at the head:
 
1. Rothschild Banks of London and Berlin.
 
2. Lazard Brothers Banks of Paris.
 
3. Israel Moses Seif Banks of Italy.
 
4. Warburg Bank of Hamburg and Amsterdam.
 
5. Lehman Brothers of NY.
 
6. Kuhn, Loeb Bank of NY (Now Shearson American Express).
 
7. Goldman, Sachs of NY.
 
8. National Bank of Commerce NY/Morgan Guaranty Trust (J. P. Morgan Bank - Equitable Life - Levi P. Morton are principal shareholders).
 
9. Hanover Trust of NY (William and David Rockefeller & Chase National Bank NY are principal shareholders).
Sun, 06/07/2015 - 22:19 | 6173064 TeethVillage88s
TeethVillage88s's picture

I read where Citi Group- Chase Manhattan would probably be the Majority Stock Holder of the Federal Reserve, but can't verify it.

- Today they have Institutional Support from Do-Nothing Congress and the Regulators who are supposed to be Independent

Treasury, Jack Lew
SEC, Mary Jo White
CFTC, Timothy Massad
Fed, Janet Yellen
OCC, Thomas J. Curry
CFPB, Richard Cordray
FDIC, Martin Gruenberg
FHFA, Mel Watt
NCUA, Debbie Matz
Insurance, S. Roy Woodall, Jr.

Have to add DOJ, Loretta Lynch
and Secretary of Defense, Ashton B. Carter
and WB Christine Lagaurde
IMF
BIS
Bank of Japan, Karuda
ECB

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 11:15 | 6174302 JR
JR's picture

And as we all know, Paul Warburg (Daddy Warbucks) was the master strategist of the Federal Reserve System, not Aldrich.

Born in Germany, he was a partner in Kuhn, Loeb & Company and a representative of the Rothschild banking dynasty in England and France where he maintained very close working relationships throughout his entire career with his brother, Max Warburg, who was the head of the Warburg banking consortium in Germany and the Netherlands.

Paul Warburg was one of the wealthiest men in the world.

According to G. Edward Griffin, Warburg and his co-conspirators “added several very sound provisions to the Federal Reserve Bill. By that I mean they added some provisions which seriously restricted the ability of the Federal Reserve to create money out of nothing. Warburg's associates said, ‘Paul, what are you doing? We don't want those in there this is our bill.’ And his response was this, he said, "Relax fellas, don't you get it? Our object is to get the bill passed. We can fix it up later." Those were his exact words. ‘We can fix it up later.’ …

“Warburg was right and they fixed it up later. The Federal Reserve Act since it was passed has been amended over 100 times. Every one of those provisions were long ago removed and many more have been added which greatly expand the power and reach of the Federal Reserve System to create money out of nothing.”

As for Senator Aldrich, he was chairman of the National Monetary Commission and a very important business associate of J.P. Morgan (Rothschild). He was the father-in-law of John D. Rockefeller, Jr. Aldrich named the bill after himself because he was its sponsor in the Senate.

“This was against the good advice of Paul Warburg. He said: ‘Nelson, don't put your name on that bill because you are so identified with big business interests that Congress will vote it down; the people will not accept it.’ And apparently Aldrich's ego was too big... Warburg was right. When the bill was introduced Congress put thumbs-down on it. ‘The Bill of Big Business.’

“They took the bill back for it was just a minor setback, they scrambled the paragraphs around a little bit, took Aldrich's name off real fast and they found a couple of Democrats to sponsor the bill….

“Now it was the Glass-Owen bill… and acceptable.” (from The Creature from Jekyll Island)

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 19:42 | 6172752 holdbuysell
Sun, 06/07/2015 - 19:43 | 6172754 Kirk2NCC1701
Kirk2NCC1701's picture

BABYLONIAN MONEY MAGIK. 

Read it, dwell on it. Adapt or perish.

p.s. Hope is not an actionable strategy.  And if you're the sort who relies upon ancient texts for worldviews, note that their deity is shaping them to rule and be strong, whereas his "Peace, man", pacifist hippie son was shaping you to accept your weakness and subservience.  Do as you wish, but let's have no pretenses about the relative survival strategies of wolves and sheep.

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 19:46 | 6172763 Billy the Poet
Billy the Poet's picture

I am not an animal! I am a human being!

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 23:16 | 6173172 TeethVillage88s
TeethVillage88s's picture

FED & Private Banks are Self-Regulatory Organizations(SROs) meaning like Lawyers, the BAR Association, the Stock Exchanges, FINRA... they people can destroy as they see fit.

I wonder how many of my local Libraries contain books by Alfred Owen Crozier that actually become available for check out or reading.

Codifying simple, Streamlined, Standardized rules for a small Federal Government would ensure that with few leaders in government we can hold them responsible for their jobs. But also can provide Mandatory Quarterly & Annual Reports to trace money flows, Growing Wealth Inequality, Sources of Strength in the Economy/GDP, Usury, High Fees, Rent Seeking, Decapitalization, Capital Flight, Wealth moving Off Shore, loss of Full time Jobs, Wage Decreases in Full Time Jobs, Specific Categories of Money Velocity Decreases, Stagnant Capital, High Admin Costs for Corporations/Industries...

** It only Works with a Small Federal Government, so people are held responsible **

** Rules put in stone could prevent attempts by Lawyers & Legislators to destroy them. **

Required Reports from Government is probably a better use of Government time than Perpetual War, Help for Israeli Plans, using the MIC to control global Oil, and corrupt other countries opinions and leadership. They could also demonstrate where power shifts have occurred. Like the Systemic Decrease in the Total Number of Commercial Banks. Like the Gini Coeffient/Rate. Like the Loss of Wealth in Households and shift in Market Share and Wealth of TBTF. You could even force Government to regulate the Overhead Costs for Corporations so that instead of living like Royalty they returned profits to Investors & Stockholders.

** Reduced Federal Foreign Policy should be put in Stone **

Privatization of the Central Bank proves the danger of Privatization. And shows how Privatization leads to increased Federal Contracts, Bigger Federal Budgets, Higher Wages for Government Employees, Bigger Military, and a "Government of the Corporation".

BRAC is another Example of Military Contracting Out and allowing huge Budget Expansion.

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 20:18 | 6172816 holdbuysell
holdbuysell's picture

Nimrod and the Nephilim

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 22:51 | 6173129 Billy the Poet
Billy the Poet's picture

Caught them at Three Rivers back in '79. They really know how to put on a show.

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 20:40 | 6172862 palmereldritch
palmereldritch's picture

But let's not forget...Insurrection is not, nor will it ever be, Pacifism

http://www.infowars.com/why-jesus-was-really-killed-challenging-the-mone...

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 22:30 | 6173095 conscious being
conscious being's picture

Kirk - on this topic, your are always firmly cemented in Western World dichotomies. You need to get out more.

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 23:40 | 6173215 Billy the Poet
Billy the Poet's picture

What are you talking about? The dude is on a five year mission to boldly go where no man has gone before.

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 00:08 | 6173266 conscious being
conscious being's picture

Yeah well on the topic of religion he's flying in circles.

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 22:51 | 6173127 Seek_Truth
Seek_Truth's picture

Of course, it helps to be familiar with how the Son- Jesus Christ is described, and what He does, when He returns. And no, it isn't pacifist, as you will see. For those unfamilar with Biblical prophesy, the Beast = Governments of this world:

The Heavenly Warrior Defeats the Beast

11I saw heaven standing open and there before me was a white horse, whose rider is called Faithful and True. With justice he judges and wages war. 12His eyes are like blazing fire, and on his head are many crowns. He has a name written on him that no one knows but he himself. 13He is dressed in a robe dipped in blood, and his name is the Word of God. 14The armies of heaven were following him, riding on white horses and dressed in fine linen, white and clean. 15Coming out of his mouth is a sharp sword with which to strike down the nations. “He will rule them with an iron scepter.”a He treads the winepress of the fury of the wrath of God Almighty. 16On his robe and on his thigh he has this name written:

king of kings and lord of lords.

17And I saw an angel standing in the sun, who cried in a loud voice to all the birds flying in midair, “Come, gather together for the great supper of God, 18so that you may eat the flesh of kings, generals, and the mighty, of horses and their riders, and the flesh of all people, free and slave, great and small.”

19Then I saw the beast and the kings of the earth and their armies gathered together to wage war against the rider on the horse and his army. 20But the beast was captured, and with it the false prophet who had performed the signs on its behalf. With these signs he had deluded those who had received the mark of the beast and worshiped its image. The two of them were thrown alive into the fiery lake of burning sulfur. 21The rest were killed with the sword coming out of the mouth of the rider on the horse, and all the birds gorged themselves on their flesh.

-Revelation 19:11-21

Not soundin' real pacifist to me!

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 20:05 | 6172784 Atomizer
Atomizer's picture

Norman Dodd on the Hidden Agenda. 

https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=m2xcwFpSW0k

The last segment from 46m - 49.20m sums up the current status quo. I encourage you to watch in entirety. 

Had forgot about this book, Waters flowing Eastward. Need to refresh my memory by thumbing thru the pages again. 

 

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 22:37 | 6173108 palmereldritch
palmereldritch's picture

Excellent link.  Thanks.

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 20:04 | 6172797 bazboognish
bazboognish's picture

Wilson decided that the new Federal Reserve Notes would be obligations of the United States ( Or rather Wall street agent Colonel House told Wilson ) 

And its gone .....

Eustace Mullins book is also well worth  a read

 

http://www.apfn.org/apfn/reserve.htm

 

 

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 20:20 | 6172818 holdbuysell
holdbuysell's picture

Anyone have the list of owners of the Federal Reserve? Thought I saw a glimpse of it way back.

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 11:58 | 6174480 SERReal1
SERReal1's picture

Is this what you were thinking of?

http://www.save-a-patriot.org/files/view/whofed.html

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 20:22 | 6172824 holdbuysell
holdbuysell's picture

Entertaining and accurate:

The American Dream

https://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_embedded&v=ZPWH5TlbloU

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 20:32 | 6172842 q99x2
q99x2's picture

It is logical and so is its destruction.

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 22:10 | 6173044 TeethVillage88s
TeethVillage88s's picture

Maybe you mean tactical and Strategic.

- Aldrich Plan seems to have something in common with Obamatrade & Obamacare & Open Borders & Immigration & US Wars Overseas & Use of Fiat to Fund US Military & MIC

- REPUBLICANS PUSH POWERS FOR PRESIDENT...
- OBAMATRADE NEARS FINISH LINE...
- Rand demands White House release text immediately...
- WIKILEAKS: Deal sidelines national laws...
- Similarities with European Union...
- Congressman Kevin McCarthy's journey from IN-N-OUT Burger to millions in fundraising...

- Obama Pushes New Americans Project

"In the meantime, I'm going to keep doing everything I can to make our immigration system more just and more fair," Obama said. "It's the right thing to do. And it will make America stronger."

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 20:38 | 6172856 Teknopagan
Teknopagan's picture

Look close Crozier actually signed the drawings.   

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 20:40 | 6172858 spqrusa
spqrusa's picture

People wonder why the Fed persists despite what many now know about them. It is quite simply much easier for politicians to appeal to a small powerful minority than to the greater populous especially given that the small minority largely controls what the people see and think.

Amerika has been a fascist corporation nearly from the get-go but only in the last century has it become overtly relevant to the imperial powers in their game of global domination. WWI should have made that apparent to the Amerikans as there was no real abiding interest for Amerikans to enter that war. The best part of their control is that the "educated" Amerikan can hardly fathom their country as anything but an imperialist tool as they are so wedded to their US Murder Corporation and the sea of Alphabet Soup agencies.

The very substance of these agencies feedsback to the illusion of freedom and choice as each votes themselves more power and favour.

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 22:33 | 6173098 conscious being
conscious being's picture

Why does the Fed persist? Try murder and blackmail.

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 22:41 | 6173114 spqrusa
spqrusa's picture

That too but it is much easier just to bribe your way to power with the dollar printing press..

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 00:10 | 6173269 conscious being
conscious being's picture

Some people won't take the money. Then its Plan B and C. Relentless is the word.

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 21:08 | 6172916 Arthur Schopenhauer
Arthur Schopenhauer's picture

I particularly liked this part of Crozier's book...

This opinion was written by George W. Wickersham.
47th United States Attorney General
In office March 4, 1909 – March 4, 1913

WALL STREET STOCK "MARKET." A "Fixed" Monte Carlo. The Game in Detail Exposed

A banking or currency reform plan that does not take into account the constantly daily monetary, financial and banking practices of Wall Street will be ineffective and useless. There conditions constantly prevail that decisively influence the supply and flow of currency and credit, the rates of interest on both time and call loans, the making and calling of bank loans in vast volume, the international ebb and flow of the tides of gold that now measure all values, and the quotation prices of twenty to thirty billion dollars of listed securities, a total three times the value of all annual crops of the soil and eight times all the money of the United States.
If these forces were moved only by natural causes "natural supply and demand"—values would be relatively accurate and stable, fluctuations and changes comparatively moderate and harmless, monetary conditions would be sound and financial institutions safe ; and Wall Street as a barometer of the nation's prosperity and a "governor" on the financial engine moving the wheels of all American activities would be an accurate and useful indicator and regulator of steady and inestimable value to the entire country and all of its inhabitants. There would be no dangerous extremes and consequently no possibility of panics. But, unfortunately, in Wall Street everything is artificial. Nothing is natural or logical; therefore the unexpected always is happening. Every effect is the result of a planned and purposeful cause. Whatever is done usually was intended, procured.

If prices soar to the swallows' nests, they were put up there. If they slump to the coal cellar, they were dumped there. And only the few big inside operators know which will be done on any particular day. Consequently everybody else in the United States who either speculates or invests in "listed" securities is merely gambling blindly, recklessly, without the slightest knowledge or chance of knowledge. A mere guess as to whether that day the masters of the machine will decide to lift the lever up or push it down. And he will not and cannot know, or have the slightest idea or inkling until after, figuratively, he has dropped his money in the slot, made his bet, heard the whirl of the unseen wheel behind the impenetrable curtain, and the attendant, "the broker,” opens the little peek-hole and, as usual, calls out : "You lose ! Try your luck again."

The fact is the putting up or down of the price of a given stock or bond is simple and easy. The shares of the company are limited. It is not like speculating in wheat or corn against every bushel in the world. A large portion of a corporation's shares of stock never change hands, however much the price may fluctuate. The proportion of shares "on the market" usually is relatively small. It is only necessary to organize a syndicate or "pool" with sufficient available means or borrowing power to put up as a margin a sum equal to 10 per cent of the quotation price of whatever shares of that particular stock may be offered. Usually but 10 per cent to 25 per cent of the stock of the smallest or largest railroads or trusts will appear on the market, even if prices are forced far above conceded value. Most holders want steady investments, dividends, not to gamble on stimulated changes in prices. And the manipulators must furnish only 10 per cent of the value of the relatively small amount offered. Another 10 per cent is furnished by the brokers and the balance 80 per cent by the banks, loaned on the securities as collateral. Thus the banks are the chief factor in every stock-market manipulation.

While the great Wall Street insurance companies, controlling in their reserves hundreds of millions of the accumulated savings held for "the widows and orphans," are prohibited by law from investing in stocks, the law does not say that they cannot, to help out their stock-market masters, deposit a hundred million of money in the banks and thus enable such banks during a great market manipulating campaign to loan to inside operators four hundred million dollars additional credit to aid them in running the gamble against the public, the living fathers, husbands and brothers of such future "widows and orphans." Whatever the amount, they certainly deposit many millions in the big banks.

Such a pool always is formed and operates in absolute secrecy. Often its members do not know the plays to be made from day to day with the common funds for mutual benefit. That is a "blind pool,” only the manager, usually one of the pool members, knows the moves made or to be made. A pool of that character has the price of that stock, the welfare of the corporation, its stockholders, officers, employees, and the public absolutely at its mercy, and yet no one outside of the pool itself even can know of that fact. Sometimes it is a long, exhausting, wearing, heartbreaking, strangling struggle. Often it is just a quick, deep stab in the dark, always from behind, and all is over. The guilty never are caught or detected or even suspected, for the stock exchange is created and operates to hide the identity and completely screen the actions of the bandits of high finance.

Very often the different pools manipulating the various stock and bond issues of the many trusts, railroads and other corporations quietly put their heads together and cooperate, or conspire. The whole list of price quotations goes up, a "bull" movement, or down, a "bear" movement, according as has been predetermined. The public that owns most of the securities but does not know until too late which way prices are to be put is, of course, always fleeced, the profits going to the insiders. In fact, it is the regular practice of the manipulators to put out hints and "tips" through the daily press and otherwise to cleverly induce the uninformed public always to take the wrong side of the market, and lose. Sometimes dividends are increased and decreased for the purpose of manipulating quotations for the speculative profit of "insiders."

An honest, legitimate trading market for securities would be a useful national blessing. But the Wall Street Monte Carlo, in its practice and results, is the most colossal, crooked and financially dangerous den of gamblers and robbers the world ever has seen or dreamed of.

Quotation prices sometimes are pushed up or down 10 to 50 per cent. The overwhelming consequences of these fluctuations can be realized from the fact that an average fall of but 10 per cent means a total loss to holders of the nearly $30,000,000,000 of securities amounting to $3,000,000,000, a sum exceeding all the money in actual circulation in the United States. A few such "swings" each year and the losses will equal eight or nine billion, the yearly value of all the crops.

In this and other ways "high finance" silently and constantly and irresistibly harvests an ever increasing portion of the fruits of all human toil and effort. Yet the methods and means employed are so secret and mysterious, the victims may not even realize they have been intentionally victimized, and never would suspect the right parties in any event. Indirectly most of the losses fall on the people who never buy stocks at all.

It is "high finance" against people, with the cards always "stacked," the game always "fixed." It is hard for the people to figure out just how it is worked, but a large portion of the prevailing high prices is due to the machinations in one way or another of "high finance." The inflation of the volume of securities out of all proportion to assets, increase in interest rates on billions upon billions of dollars of municipal and corporation bonds and upon the loans of bank credit, are some of the agencies used, the extra burden falling always and only upon the people.

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 21:12 | 6172923 kchrisc
kchrisc's picture

He only missed the coda showing the massing of the the starving and pissed off sheeple massing with their guillotines.

Liberty is a demand. Tyranny is submission..

 

But of course the FedRes is but Zion's dragon of plunder let loose on the American country and people.

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 21:41 | 6172975 Griffin
Griffin's picture

I think that the problem we are dealing with is much larger than just central banks.

 

There are groups of people who have a lot of influence through large international companies, those companies can move like big clouds over countries and economies and respect no borders and have a lot of leverage they can use to circumvent or change the laws existing in those countries.

John Perkins mentions this in this interview    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ushMvvN8y-I

 

The general idea is to recreate the world economic and political system, secure control over natural resources among other things and use whatever it takes to get it done, incl sanctions and warfare.

Someone might call it a beginning of a new world order.

 

The EU is a part of this, it is now working on a"ever closer union" meaning that the EU will have the authority to control the banking sector of member states, the police forces and military.

 

To push this even further a trade agreement could be negotiated between the EU and US banking mafia, where large companies would be granted all kinds of privileges, like suing governments for various reasons.

I think that we need to look at this as one beast, because eventually that is what it will be.

 

This started with a simple ideology, to create and sell products in a open market environment. Then people started to invest in politics to gain more control of the markets and then they invest some more to gain control of the countries.

Eventually they will start seeing us as products, and not as human beings.

Then you will know how much you are worth to them.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 21:48 | 6172996 anachronism
anachronism's picture

We should end the FED. The bank regulation and monitoring functions should be rolled into the FDIC part of the Treasury. The Treasury should simply "print money" to pay its expenses when such expenses exceed tax revenues. The effect on inflation really won't be that mich different than where we are now, especially since the FED ends up "purchasing" more than half the debt issued by the treasury.

But we can't get very far with that petition until everybody gets some understanding of what the FED is actually doing. That is why a move to "Audit the FED" must be pushed first. And this audit should be an annual affair, not just a one-time thing. There is no good reason not to audit tye FED, since audits scrutinize the past, not the present.

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 21:52 | 6173011 Magooo
Magooo's picture

http://www.zerohedge.com/sites/default/files/images/user5/imageroot/2015...

 

I don't see the word Zionist at the centre of that monster. 

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 21:59 | 6173020 TeethVillage88s
TeethVillage88s's picture

From Bloomberg:

- Anti-Boycott Law, South Carolina on Thursday became the first U.S. state to enact a new law designed to counter Israel sanctions.

One donated more than $100 million to the Republicans, the other has been the Clintons’ biggest backer. Now billionaires Sheldon Adelson and Haim Saban, split on U.S. politics, have united to fight boycott threats against Israel.

Adelson and Saban hosted a conference of pro-Israel business executives and activists over the weekend in Las Vegas, to begin an initiative aimed at countering the growing threat of international sanctions against Israel.

“That he’s a Democrat and I’m a Republican has really very little to do with it,” said Las Vegas Sands Corp. founder Adelson, who holds the 25th slot on Bloomberg’s Billionaires Index, in a joint interview with Saban on Israel’s Channel 2 on Saturday. While you can “rest assured” the two men will not be supporting the same person in the 2016 presidential election, Saban said, “when it comes to Israel, we are absolutely on the same page.”

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu has identified the global trend to boycott, divest and sanction Israel over its policy toward the Palestinians, known as the BDS movement, as a major threat.

The boycott issue gained new prominence after Stephane Richard, chief executive officer of Orange SA, said on Wednesday that the Paris-based telecom company would end its licensing deal with Israel’s Partner Communications Co. “tomorrow” if he wasn’t concerned about legal repercussions. Richard later apologized for his comments, made in response to a question over a threatened boycott of Orange’s Egyptian subsidy, Mobinil, and said they weren’t motivated by political concerns.
‘Blatant Lie’

The Israel-born Saban, who owns a controlling stake in Partner, called Richard’s clarification “a blatant lie.”

“Any company that chooses to boycott business in Israel, they’re going to look at this case, and once we’re done, they’re going to think twice about whether they want to take on Israel or not,” he said.

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 23:21 | 6173179 OZZIDOWNUNDER
OZZIDOWNUNDER's picture

Until the USA gets rid of the Jewish manopoly the people are fucked

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 22:05 | 6173038 Arthur Schopenhauer
Arthur Schopenhauer's picture

My Grandfather (long since passed away) at one time was a banker, and he was at one time one of the board members of the Federal Reserve Bank.

He was on the board for awhile back in the 1920's... but during that time, he made a lot of publc statements (speeches) the Federal Reserve Board didn't like, and they drove him out...

When I was a little boy in the 1950's, he told us stories about 'the bad men' who would not physically harm us... but that they were bad men, because they would slowly, every day, day in and day out... steal 9 out of 10 cents we would make during our entire lives, and when we grew up we would have to fight them for the last cent.

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 22:56 | 6173139 Prober
Prober's picture

"they were bad men, because they would slowly, every day, day in and day out... steal 9 out of 10 cents we would make during our entire lives"

YES, I know these people, the socialist parasites behind the bottomless-pit entitlement programs, that currently consume 60% of government spending, explode the state and national debt, and confiscate more than 50% of our earnings - and growing !

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 23:25 | 6173183 Arthur Schopenhauer
Arthur Schopenhauer's picture

8.99 cents are going to the bad men, and 0.01 cents are going to poor people, on welfare.

You have to figure out who you are fighting for that last 1.00 cent.

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 05:53 | 6173501 Prober
Prober's picture

your numbers are REVERSED - WAKE UP !!!!!!

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 09:53 | 6174016 messystateofaffairs
messystateofaffairs's picture

At least somebody thinks they know what the numbers are, all I know is I am getting robbed bigtime and the numbers are a fairytale with snippets of truth shining through.

Not much to be done except unless you are inclined towards martyrdom for the sheeples sake, which I am not. I just try to position myself to stay off the mutton menu, keep an eye on the show, and might lend the sheeple a surreptitious hand if they ever discover the meaning of freedom. I'm pretty sure that at some point they will discover the meaning of mutton dinner.

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 15:05 | 6175475 Prober
Prober's picture

Just use simple arithemetic - what is 60% of government spending ?????

HUGE !

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 22:24 | 6173081 rejected
rejected's picture

Read the book. The author was a very astute man. Tried his damndest to foil the plan but failed. 

We need to pick up the ball and do as best we can to succeed where he failed. We have something he didn't.... the internet.

End the FED.

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 23:06 | 6173154 22winmag
22winmag's picture

The South was right!

 

Andrew Jackson too!

Sun, 06/07/2015 - 23:09 | 6173161 Wannabe_Oracle
Wannabe_Oracle's picture

Interesting, the most recent posts are from those that are identified as "new" - strange, isn't it.......

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 00:12 | 6173274 Moccasin
Moccasin's picture

End the fed. We will need to add a few oligarchs and political minions to the list, Soros, Kissinger, Brzezinski, Buffet and dozen bank CEO's would be a nice start. It is either their NWO or ours, the choice is stark. I would rather take the bull by the horns then get gored.

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 00:37 | 6173316 cherry picker
cherry picker's picture

Bankers and government are not super humans who can will people into doing their bidding.

Many of the accused are greedy, egotistical individuals who lack compassion or empathy for their fellow being.  In the course of their activities they cultivate allies using the same temptations which trapped them and many fall for it.

For those who dare fight the cabal they are often blackmailed into retreating as everyone has a past and a skelton or two in a closet.  If they don't that would mean there is a perfect person on earth and I haven't heard of one or seen one yet.

In short, this stuff will never end.  It may be controlled a little, but that is as far as it goes.

For those of us who realize or start to realize that this is all futile, we can choose to drop out as much as possible. 

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 00:54 | 6173327 Atomizer
Atomizer's picture

I was hoping some of the Zero Hedge pioneers could tie the knot. Clinton Foundation. My above post was from 1983. Nothing has changed, it's  just gets more displaced as time nears. 

Sad times ahead. I really hope this happens. It's the only way this corruption will halt. A small country like Greece can't control there population, think about a few peons trying to control the global world. 

Let the fun begin. We can find them hiding in any spider hole within the mother earth. Bankers, lawyers, theives, policy makers, and dark pool keyboard kiddies. 

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 01:20 | 6173348 Arthur Schopenhauer
Arthur Schopenhauer's picture

It is just a repeat of history, and it will repeat, and the cycle will never end. The generations who never experienced the past cycles must learn it the hard way....all over again.

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 02:12 | 6173392 Atomizer
Atomizer's picture

Do politicians in the United States generally vote their own interests or the will of the people who elected them to represent them?

 http://www.quora.com/Do-politicians-in-the-United-States-generally-vote-...


Mon, 06/08/2015 - 03:22 | 6173431 TeethVillage88s
TeethVillage88s's picture

Well CIA Recruits on University Campuses, no reason that NSA, other Intelligence Agencies & Bankers wouldn't either... or recruit and interview perspective intelligence agents for use by the Bankers.

Rhodes Scholar, why would MI5 & MI6 & Bankers not Recruit there.

Eustace Mullins book Secrets of The Federal Reserve, the London Connection, follows this line in the Introduction.

"American history in the twentieth century has recorded the amazing achievements of the Federal Reserve bankers. First, the outbreak of World War I, which was made possible by the funds available from the new central bank of the United States. Second, the Agricultural Depression of 1920. Third, the Black Friday Crash on Wall Street of October, 1929 and the ensuing Great Depression. Fourth, World War II. Fifth, the conversion of the assets of the United States and its citizens from real property to paper assets from 1945 to the present, transforming a victorious America and foremost world power in 1945 to the world’s largest debtor nation in 1990."

Think Linear here:

1. Seize Farms, make them corporate assets
2. Cause Bank Failures & Panics, Fear about Banks, Create Propaganda, control the narrative, control information, create intelligence operations to change the Battlefield
3. Work to Collapse the Stock Market take over Equities and ownership, work to create deeper depression world wide to buy up assets considered important
4. Create Wars to profit from ownership of Defense Contractors & Loans
5. Start chipping away at Government Funds, Agencies, position ownership of defense and government contractors, buy up companies to gain privatization contracts, spread propaganda that government is bad, bribe government officials to look stupid and mismanage funds, publish bad government articles
6. Reduce Regulations through legal bribes, lobbying, campaign contributions, corporations as an Entity
7. Cause Financial Collapse, Require Bailout and Debt from friends in Congress, demand control over interest rates, bailouts, and purchases of bad assets that threaten the Nation: QE
8. Massive Debt leads only down one road, blackmail for more debt, credit, bailouts... or abandonment of the USA with Previous Debt Notes to hold over the US Head

Linear.

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 00:57 | 6173333 FrankHerbert
FrankHerbert's picture

until those people start getting lynched in the streets, you will all continue to be victims. some may profit in the short term, but isn't that what your lives are anyway? short. term.

let us prey

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 01:15 | 6173344 Arthur Schopenhauer
Arthur Schopenhauer's picture

prey

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 01:42 | 6173367 scatha
scatha's picture

For all those what are wondering how it came to be that bankers in US and all over the world ended up with power and influence surpassing those of governments over almost all world population and metaphorically and actually tell people (even with no bank account) what to do in their intimate private lives every day, should definitely read unique and telling story about money, it’s origin and its true role and purpose in society I found at:   

 

https://contrarianopinion.wordpress.com/2015/04/14/plutus-and-the-myth-o...

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 01:45 | 6173369 LaForce
LaForce's picture

thas golden

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 02:19 | 6173398 Atomizer
Atomizer's picture

Once TPP is passed, we'll have a new live reality show. Dancing away from the raining bullets on Government servants. 

/sarc

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 03:32 | 6173437 dreadnaught
dreadnaught's picture

...suppose the Earth™ was a wholy owned corporate subsidiary of the CHOAM Corporation?

and has been for a very long time......

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 04:12 | 6173455 honestann
honestann's picture

Good thing "corporation" is a fiction (even in fundamental law, which itself is a fiction).  Which means, none of these nonsensical fictions matter.  What does matter is whether honest, ethical, productive, benevolent human beings defend themselves against the human predators who call themselves (and hide behind) these "limited liability" fictions.

Gee, I wonder why the predators want these fictions to shield them personally, and why the predators want these fictions not subject to full liability?

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 04:37 | 6173465 TeethVillage88s
TeethVillage88s's picture

Seems like Corporations trace back readily to Rome. Corpus. Collegia.

- The Roman Republic relied on private contractors to perform a variety of tasks. Contracts to build aqueducts, manufacture arms, construct temples, collect taxes—even feed the geese on the capital—were granted to firms called publicani. Fragmented evidence indicates that some of these received corporate status (habere corpus), which included a grant of limited liability for investors.

Trading Corporations

Roman law survived the fall of the Western Roman Empire to reemerge in aspects of the Church’s canon law and Europe’s secular bodies of law. During the Middle Ages, cities, guilds, monasteries and universities were all chartered as corporations, typically by sovereigns, local nobility or religious authorities. All served largely public or religious functions. For centuries, Europe witnessed nothing that resembled Rome’s publicani. This changed around 1600, when new business forms emerged to challenge the might of Spain and Portugal. The upstarts were chartered corporations.

Not sure what Social or Business Movement changed in 1600.

Lots of Wars, Need For Treasury to Support Navies, Armies, Empires... much like today.

Perhaps the Corporation is mainly an Instrument of Credit and War in the End.

- Didn't know this.

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 06:07 | 6173510 Ghordius
Ghordius's picture

now even corporations are fiction, honestann? have a look at buccaneers

one ship, i.e. capital, one company/crew of shareholders/stakeholders, all in a voluntary association of plunder, with voting rights for the crew and a collective decision of where to search for it

ok, a pirate ship has no "limited liability". it is nevertheless a very real "corporation", as much as the mercenary company paid by a warlord

all this indoctrination about individualism gives a warped sense of human nature, besides keeping the indoctrinated from voting

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 08:41 | 6173649 honestann
honestann's picture

Hahaha!  I suggest you go read the fiction that is called fundamental law.  And I do mean the most fundamental, very long standing law.

If you read that, you will see that the original, still active legal name for "corporation" is "fictitious entity".

Now, whether you think "corporation" is a fiction or not, every single government, and every single modern court and lawyer knows and agrees...

corporation == fictitious entity

and yes, "fictitious" == "fictional".

Sorry.  No need to accept my claims of real-vs-fiction.  The predators-that-be agree with me on this one (though they don't say this in public often, only on documents and in court when necessary).

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 05:50 | 6173500 firestarter_916
firestarter_916's picture

World debt was $39B. Seems hight, but the US National debt will hit that same number after the next President serve's the end of her 8 years. Wow, history isn't repeating, it's just predicting.

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 06:00 | 6173504 Ghordius
Ghordius's picture

that world debt of 1913 was payable in gold. at less then 19 dollars the ounce. in certain ways, it was... bigger, then. just saying

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 10:08 | 6174082 Nimby
Nimby's picture

Not at all.  It would never be repaid in gold, which is why all it has ever done is get bigger and bigger; in doing; ironically, it becomes less and less.

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 07:59 | 6173628 northern vigor
northern vigor's picture

"B" as in billion...we are in the trillion  stage now.

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 07:57 | 6173633 gwar5
gwar5's picture

FRNs same as being forced to use the compnay money at the company store(s).

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 10:00 | 6174042 Mute Button
Mute Button's picture

Congressmen should declare a party jubilee.  We know the banksters control 'elected' politicians from top down, through the party bosses.  The threat is that if a politician breaks from the party they don't get support for re-election.

But all of us who make up the American people know that the parties are working against our interests.

 

How popular would it make a particular politician if, upon being sworn in, he changes party affiliation to 'Independent'?

If done on mass--there must be a few handfuls of patriotic Democrats and Republicans--McConnell/Boehner, Reid/Pelosi, which ever puppets you prefer, would go nowhere with passing their anti-Constitutional legislation.

There will be threats.  "No more support for you!"  But the new Independents just made names for themselves and they made names that mean something: they actually represent their electorate.

Emasculate the parties, the momentum changes.  Who's brave enough?

 

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 10:07 | 6174079 eishund
eishund's picture

the bankers have big tummies. really. maybe that's y they are big bankers.

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 11:20 | 6174332 larz
larz's picture

This is all very interesting but Bruce Jenner has become a woman 

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 12:40 | 6174694 MEFOBILLS
MEFOBILLS's picture

Corporations are a “body” of men, or a collection of men with a common aim. 

Modern money system of stock trading, stock capital, and credit finance came into being in Amsterdam.   This system of “free” enterprise then created joint stock owning corporations.

One impetus for these early stock corporations was influx of Sephardic Jews after Vasco De Gama’s 1499 voyage destroyed East/West mechanism.  Further population influx of Ashkenazim into Amsterdam after this period indicates East/West was also a rental means used for monetary gain for this tribal group as well.

British East India Company formed 1600.  Dutch East India in 1602. Dutch West India Corporation was chartered in 1621.  These companies had their own mercenary armies in order to enforce contracts and subdue colonies.

Caravan routes were controlled by the Aiparu, which were donkey Caravans of roaming tribes.  These outcast tribes go all the way back in time to Sumer, and the bones of their horses and donkey can be found in nearby encampments.  These outcasts most likely bred with Neanderthals still roaming the steppes, hence high fraction DNA is still evident in genome of Semites, Sephardic, and Ashkenazi (Khazar).  Further evolutionary pressure as “stateless” outcasts would have evolved an in-group low trust type of human.  But, being stateless also brought advantages, as tribe members were situated in far flung entrepot cities throughout the Mediterranean as well as watering holes and cities on overland routes.  Therefore a private trading class, with money power means evolved from Aiparu, into today’s Hebrews.  To engage in international trade, which was then the Levant, meant using the local well placed merchants - the Hebrew.

Entrepot cities were special zones between Sovereign cities, and in these entrepot zones the criminal class and outcasts could gather.  Today, entrepot cities are seen in special economic trade zones e.g. Cayman Islands, Panama, Cape of Good Hope, Dubai, Hong Kong, Macao, Singapore, Macao.  

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amsterdam_Entrep%C3%B4t

East/West mechanism was mostly silver draining from West, and Gold draining from east.  Donkey Caravans moved metal across the routes, while also moving spices.  Exchange rate differences between the two metals were the main usurious rental mode of parasitic wealth accumulation.  (Value of East and West labor was siphoned away in exchange rate prices.)  Islam got its start in Mecca, an entrepot city on a caravan route controlled primarily by Jews. 

It was 700 unlicensed Sephardic stock brokers in Amsterdam who created most of the stock market methods used today, including manipulation games such as creating panics and guiding the market to then take rents on the producers. 

This stock “capital” then aimed at Britain and in succession usury prohibitions were abolished in England (Calvanism breaks Catholic Church injunctions), then Cromwell, Orange Kings, and finally insertion to throne.   Britain becomes parasitized by money power completely in 1694 with Bank of England, a private debt spreading bank.  Royals on the European continent begin to note how British Nobility features become “Darker” and more Sephardic.  England itself becomes the military arm for the corporations, and hence corporations no longer have to fund their own private armies.

From England (City of London) credit money power radiated outward, especially to America, culminating in a similar money system to BOE, with Federal Reserve around 1912.

 

Vasco De-Gama’s voyage initially was a disaster to the Aiparu, but by attaching to “Sea Powers” such as Britain and the Dutch, then later America – the great game of Aiparu taking rents via money and trade continues into our modern era.

Mon, 06/08/2015 - 15:01 | 6175455 Meremortal
Meremortal's picture

Yes, nothing has changed. Nothing about this will change.

You could build wealth then and you can build it now.

Some people build, some whine.

 

 

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